What is a Colles fracture?

A Colles fracture is specifically defined as a fracture of the distal radius, which is often caused by falling onto an outstretched hand. This type of fracture is characterized by the dorsal angulation and often dorsal displacement of the distal fragment of the radius. The unique presentation, where the wrist and hand appear bent or deformed resembling the shape of a dinner fork, is what distinguishes a Colles fracture from other types of fractures.

This clinical picture occurs due to the position of the wrist at the time of injury, leading to a distinctive deformity. Understanding the mechanics of a Colles fracture is crucial for treatment and management, as it emphasizes the need for careful evaluation of the soft tissues, potential nerve injuries, and the overall functional implications for the patient’s wrist and hand mobility.